A State Of Good Mental Health Essay - 1662 Words

 ¬ LRADAC By Rosanna Hutto SN/MTC Midlands Technical College NUR 162 A04 Position Paper Being in a state of good mental health is more than simply the absence of a mental disorder, such as depression, mania, dissociative identity disorder, or anxiety. To be mentally healthy is to have a state of mind in which one is able to cope with the stresses of daily life, is able to be work and be productive, and realize his or her capabilities and potential. Simply put, mental health acts as the basis for an individual’s effective functioning and sense of well-being. The World Health Organization defines physical and mental health as: â€Å"A state of complex physical, mental, and social well-being, and not merely the absence of disease.† Despite cultural differences, many societies know the importance of good mental health. However, many still search for ways to promote mental health, which raises the question of, how can mental health be achieved? The treatment and prevention of mental illness can be difficult, and as with physical illness, no case or result is the same for everyone. Treatment varies for each illness, as well as for individual client needs and level of severity. With the numerous choices of treatment available today, people around the world have a greater chance at not only preventing or decreasing mental illness, but also the opportunity to enhance their mental health through the public health model of primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention.Show MoreRelatedInadequacy Of The United States Mental Health Care System1104 Words   |  5 Pagesthe United States Mental Health Care System: Barriers to Care According to the World Health Organization, mental illness will affect approximately 25% of people at some point in their life (â€Å"WHO Qualityrights†, n.d.). Despite that, the current mental health care system in the United States is inadequate. 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Homosexuality Nature And Nature - 871 Words

Homosexuality: Nature or nurture By: Clifnie francois Advance Placement Psychology Mr. Cuetara June 4 2015 Abstract The nature and nature of homosexuality is heavily debated. Some people believe that homosexuality is biologically determined and others believe it’s base on ones environment. This topic can be argue to be base on both nature and nurture. Studies conducted in the past decades support both the biological and environmental aspect of homosexuality. Homosexuality: Nature or Nurture Homosexuality is a heavily debated topic nowadays. They are a lot of mix sentiments when it comes to this topic. Some people believe that homosexuality is based on†¦show more content†¦Other studies conducted suggest that homosexuality might be base on difference in the brain structure of homosexual and heterosexual males. In 1991, Simon LeVay, a researcher at salks institute for biological studies in San Diego, found that an area of the brain called INAH-3 was larger in heterosexual men as in homosexual men [6]. INAH-3 is a small cell cluster in the hypothalamus that is involve regulating male sex behavior. LeVay’s finding provided clues that prove that sexual attraction to some extent might be biological. Other studies following levay’s study suggest that homosexuality might be base on genetic. It is believe that â€Å"gay gene† is passed from mother tho son. Even though there have been a lot of studies that indicate the biological bases of homosexuality, there are adequate evidence that prove that homosexuality might be base on nurture. Studies conducted by Kinsey in the 1940s imply that homosexuality is a learned behavior [3]. This study stipulate that homosexuality can be influence by your environment and early homosexual experiences. It can also be cause by family abnormality. Most social theorists believe that a child’s play pattern, early peer interaction, and familial patterns can determine sexual orientation. Social theorists such as Jean Foucault believe that homosexuality is a sexual preference. There are a lot of studies focus onShow MoreRelatedIs Homosexuality An Act Of Nature Or Nature?870 Words   |  4 PagesI conducted an interview was to collect information regarding whether homosexuality is an act of nature or nature. Over, the past few decades, there has been an ongoing debate about whether a person can be born gay or lesbian or is it a matter of their conditioning. In other words, is homosexuality a byproduct of an individual s environment that spawned or encouraged their behavior? I am disposed to believe that homosexuality can be a natural character trait in some and with others it’s a matterRead MoreThe True Nature Of Homosexuality912 Words   |  4 Pages54. 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Many Social Theorists agree with this and they argue that Nurture is the main factor when considering the reasons behind human sexuality. They also suspect that u pbringing and parental and family dynamicsRead MoreHomosexuality: Nature vs. Nurture Essay1208 Words   |  5 Pagesthat people hear about daily in the news, media, and daily lives of others, especially when it comes to the field of psychology and the nature versus nurture debate. For being as commonly debated and discussed as it is, there are many questions that come along with it: what is sexual orientation, how do people know their sexual orientation, what causes homosexuality, is it normal, is it possible to change, and can wanting LGBT, lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender, youth to change lead to suicideRead MoreEssay about Causes of Homosexuality - Nature AND Nuture564 Words   |  3 Pagesunderstand why anyone would want to get involved in homosexual activity. There are many arguments about homosexuality whether is by nature or nurture. Before we make judgments on homosexuality, we need to identify the causes of homosexuality. Homosexuality is caused by genetic, biolo gical and environmental factors. The first possible cause of homosexuality is genetic factors. Homosexuality is a trait from birth (Buchanan, 2000). Studies found that identical twins share many common traits. A study

Airport Technology in UK

Question: Investigating the impact of UK airport security procedures and the technology being used and the affects from the passengers view. Answer: Introduction In the recent years, the protection of passengers has become a major concern for airports; the need of airport security procedures is highly essential when ensuring passenger protection. Airport security refers to the use of methods or any modern techniques as a means of protecting aircraft, staff and most importantly passengers, from any criminal threats or malicious/accidental harm. We all know that airports are occupied by masses of people every day, thus, becoming potential targets for terrorist attacks and other criminal activities. Hence, it becomes highly essential for airport security organisations to prevent any such occurrences from taking place; they not only work towards preventing any such activities from occurring within the airport premises but also from entering the country. In recent years, several cases of hijacking have surfaced on media, which in many cases have resulted in severe loss to the mankind. Due to the potential high number of deaths that may occur from attacking aircrafts and the potential use of hijacked aircrafts as weapons against country governments, airports become number one targets for terrorist attacks. Thus, airports continuously work towards enhancing security techniques as a means of ensuring safety; the general public needs to know that they are safe and protected while they travel overseas. (Vishwanath, 2003). A large variety of equipment is used by airport security professional as a means of ensuring public safety; some of these equipments include biometrics, detection systems, imaging technology, body scanners, explosive trace detection systems, bottled liquid scanners, threat imaging projection etc. Such advance use of technologies at airports has resulted in a reduction in the chances of occurrence of terrorist attacks. However, at the same time, it has had a significant impact on the passenger view regarding airport security measures. In fact, use of such intrusive technology has causes the travelling public to oppose some of the measures that they believe to be unethical and violating they personal space privacy. The following is a literature review on airport security procedures used airports in UK. It discusses the different types of technologies being implemented and used at airports by airport security organisations and how they affect passenger view. The report will take into account the security techniques at various airports in UK such as Glasgow airport, Heathrow airport, Birmingham airport, Leeds Bradford airport, Gatwick airport Stanstead airport. Similarly, the following review also discusses the recent developments and additions to the security procedures and airports and what response these techniques have received by the travelling public i.e. whether if these advancements in the security procedures are appreciated by the passengers or viewed as violation to their privacy and personal space. How does Airport Security work? First line of Defence The first line of defence in airports refers to the walls, barriers and fences that surround airport ground. The reason for their implementation is obvious; to protect the airport premises. It is necessary to ensure that the airport is not open to all individuals so as to eliminate the risk of potential terrorist or criminal attacks (Dahlgaard, 2004). By surrounding airport premises with tall fences, walls and barriers that are difficult to climb, airport organisations eliminate the chances of anyone entering the premises without authorization and identity verification. Additionally, several security patrols are made to scan the airport grounds for any disruption at the fence lines, at all times. Sensitive areas such as terminals, baggage handling areas or fuel depots, are provided with higher security in the form of security checkpoints and fences. Identity Verification Confirming and verifying ones identity is possibly one of the most important security measures at an airport. It is highly essential to confirm and verify the identities of the passengers travelling using airport facilities. For this reason, passengers are required to present their passports if travelling abroad and Photo IDs if travelling domestically. However, simply presenting your passport or photo IDs is no longer enough; nowadays biometric measurements are also being taken as a means of confirming and verifying identity. Biometrics simply refers to the verification of individual by checking fingerprints, facial patterns and retinal scans using computer systems. For instance, there may be cases where individuals pretend to be someone they are not; in such cases, they identity can be established by using biometric tests. It is important to understand that verification of identity is highly essential for airport officials to ensure safety of travelling public and protection of aircrafts. Any unknown individual found on the airport premises is often indicative of potential harm. For this reason, airport facilities are arranged in such a way that they ensure prevention of attacks on airports aircrafts, prevention of accidents and fatalities that may result due to transportation of hazardous materials and ensuring security and safety of passengers travelling using aircraft facilities. Detection Systems Metal detection systems play a significant role in ensuring safety at airports; individuals are asked to step through metal detectors while all their belongings are subjected to x ray machines. Along with metal detectors several other scanners are now being used at airport grounds such as body scanners, bottled liquid scanners, advanced imaging techniques, threat imaging projections, explosive trace detection systems etc. These detection systems ensure proper scanning of individuals and their belongings so as to omit transportation of harmful and illegal materials. Any individual suspected with such belonging is often taken into custody by airport police officials for further inspection. These systems ensure public safety however several of these systems are surrounded by controversies that question they intrusive and invasive properties. For instance, body scanners are questioned for their effectiveness along with being blamed of invasion of privacy (Anthes, 2008). Baggage Checking Along with passenger checking, the baggage deposited by passengers is also scanned in x-ray scanners. In addition to the baggage that passengers carry with them, airplanes also carry massive cargos and these cargos are required to be checked and scanned before they are loaded onto the aircraft. For this reason, cargos are subjected to x ray systems such as medium-x ray systems and mobile x-ray systems. Medium x-ray systems are fixed systems that simply scan the entire cargo while mobile x-ray systems are trucks carrying the complete system of x-rays which are driven besides trucks carrying cargos or any content; they scan other trucks for suspicious items. Similarly, the use of trained dogs still continues; these dogs sniff for chemical odours that may be present in cases of bomb plantation. These special dogs are referred to as k-9 units; in cases of presence of suspicious content, these dogs start barking. When boarding At the time of boarding, several measures are taken up by officials present at boarding counters such as re-checking carry-on baggage for any harmful items, food items liquid items or any items such as guns, cutters, knives, drugs etc. It is very important for passengers to let airport officials to complete their tasks. Since terrorism and criminal attacks pose as a constant threat to airports, any use of words such as hijack, bomb, or gun may result in removal from the passenger plane and possible arrest. All security personnels flight attendants are trained to react to such words immediately. Security Personnels on Board Every boarding flight consists of air marshals who ensure passenger safety and security. Often Air marshals are disguised to look like regular passengers and are boarded onto the flight like every usual passenger. These marshals are authorized to carry guns and make arrests when in need. Often their assignments are kept a secret since there are not enough marshals to cover every flight (Mascarenhas, 2009). Thus, no one will ever know who the marshal is or if there even is an air marshal on flight. The concept of having an air marshal on board, has just recently added to the list of other security measures taken up by airport organisations. Types of Technologies Body Scanners Currently, two types of body scanners are being used and tested in UK, which include: Rapiscan secure 1000 and millimeter wave scanners. The Rapiscan Secure 1000 is a backscatter x-ray scanner that emits ionised radiation when attempting to scan the subject while millimeter wave scanners use radio-wave frequencies that are within the frequency range of 24-30 GHz. These scanners are further divided into two types, where one type is a machine that emits radio waves to as to produce a scanned image while the other uses natural radiation received naturally from the subject being scanned to produce the image. When implementing the use of such scanners in airports, several other factors are to be considered. For instance, one of the major concerns with using body scanners is exposing individuals to high radiation that may result in potential harm along with violate their privacy. The use of body scanners resulted in public outrage where many lawsuits were charged against the use of body scanners as they found body scan machines to constituting an invasion of privacy. Also, several question the effectiveness and safety of such scanners due to reasons such as exposure to small amounts of radiation; we know that high dose of radiation has been linked to cancer. It is important to understand that for the purpose of scanning, no physical contact is required and the passengers do not experience any harm. The passengers in suspicion are expected to take up a stance and are guided into the system. The complete process does not last any longer than a few seconds. Passengers who are selected for such scans are only chosen on a random basis. The selection of passengers for the purpose of scanning is not done on any particular basis that may constitute of any type of sex, gender, religious, race or age discrimination. X-RAY Scanners While passengers are expected to step through metal detectors, their carry-on belongings are subjected to x-ray scanners. The conveyor belt carries each object through the scanning machine. The scanning systems used at airports are of a dual-energy x-ray system. These systems consist of a single x-ray source that releases electromagnetic ways at a range of 140-160 KVP. It is important to understand that the higher the KVP, the deeper the x-ray penetrates. Once these rays are passed through the item, they are picked up by detectors which they pass onto filters that allow blockage of any low-every rays. Rest of the high-energy x-rays are then picked up by the second detector. The signals picked up by both of the detectors are then compared. (Find biometrics, 2004). CT Scanners Most airports in UK utilize Computer Tomography scanners for the purpose of scanning baggage. A CT scanner allows scanning of baggage without causing any harm to it. It is a hollow tube that surrounds the baggage and bombards it with x rays and record the data obtained from it. This data is then used by the scanner to create a detailed and appropriate tomogram of the baggage. Additionally, the scanner is capable of calculating the baggages density and mass. In case of presence of any hazardous material, the CT scanner warms airport officials of its presence. When comparing to other scanners, this scanner consumers more time due to which not all baggage is checked; only suspicious ones. For instance, any individuals who have booked a one-way ticket out of the country tend to trigger suspicion thus alarming computer systems to flag the person. Once flagged, the passengers baggage is immediately subjected to CT scanning. Biometrics As a means of overcoming the usual control methods used at airports for the purpose of strengthening security, biometric measurements are now being used. For instance, to control the access of doors to crucial areas within airports, biometric measurements are being used as keys. Biometric identification is considered as an alternative to the traditional and usual access control methods. It allows the officials to verify an individuals identity and authenticate that the passenger is who he/she claims to be. This can be done by three ways which would be by what something one knows such as passwords or pins, by what someone may taken such as keys, token, ID card and by something that one actually is i.e. in terms of fingerprints. Biometrics seems to be the more convenient and secure tool to ensure ones identity. One can define biometrics as any technology that allows one to analyse and measure the biological and physiological characteristics of an individual which can later be stored an d retrieved for the purpose of positive identification. (Biometrics group, 2001). Biometric identification is considered as an alternative to the traditional and usual access control methods. It allows the officials to verify an individuals identity and authenticate that the passenger is who he/she claims to be. This can be done by three ways which would be by what something one knows such as passwords or pins, by what someone may taken such as keys, token, ID card and by something that one actually is i.e. in terms of fingerprints. Biometrics seems to be the more convenient and secure tool to ensure ones identity. One can define biometrics as any technology that allows one to analyze and measure the biological and physiological characteristics of an individual which can later be stored and retrieved for the purpose of positive identification. UK Airports and their Security Facilities Glasgow Airport Some of the security measures taken up by Glasgow Airport towards ensuring the safety and security of their passengers are focused on what the passengers are allowed and not allowed to carry along with them during their journey. For instance, they ensure hand luggage allowance of only one handbag which too is limited by their instructions regarding the size of the baggage. The dimensions for hand baggage include 56 cm long, 45 cm high and 25 cm deep; these dimensions take into account all the handles, wheels and side pockets. Similarly, the airport restricts is passengers from carrying certain items such as scissors, knives, razor blades, tweezers, knitting needles, darks, catapults. Sporting bats, household cutlery, hypodermic needles, toy/replica guns, billiards or snooker or pool cues etc. Any needles or syringes being carried may be only allowed if and when provided with medical reasoning. In addition, only some liquid items are allowed to be carried in hand baggage. These includ e cosmetics, gels, lotions, pastes etc. However, all these liquids cannot be of more than 100 ml each. Leeds Bradford Airport Body scanning technology has recently been introduced at Leeds Bradford Airport as recommended by the regulations set by UK department for transport. As per the regulations, the passengers will be randomly selected for the purpose of scanning and subjected to body scanners. The selected regions of the individual will be scanned and highlighted in the images. It is important to understand that no images of the individual will be produced and that none of these can be stored or retrieved from the system. The scanner only reads or scans the areas of the individual that are needed to be checked by the officer. In addition, other limitations on what the passenger can carry into the aircraft are similar to those of Glasgows airport. They too ensure that passengers do not carry harmful items mentioned above. Gatwick Airport Recently Gatwick Airport discusses their inclusion of an iris scanning technology in combination with self-bag drop process. The airport uses new technology to increase security measures within the airport premises. The airport supports a self bag drop system that allows passengers to drop their baggage directly by themselves. This system ensures minimum interaction with passengers; they aim to find a solution that ensures minimum interaction and offers total common use for all passengers. In addition, to the bag drop system, the passengers will be expected to have their iris registered rather than their passports, bag tag and boarding passes. Thus, iris scanning can be used throughout their journey at the airport. These biometric techniques are a reliable form of ensuring security measure for airport officials along with passengers (Moore, 2008). It allows passengers to check in from home using they smart phone cameras, which in turn saves their time. Heathrow Airport To ensure a smooth journey for passengers, the Heathrow Airport has recently trailed a glasses-free 3D technology that works towards reducing the number items in a hang bag that are prohibited. This technology is built in the departure security zone of the airport and allows officers to view 3D images of the items that are not allowed through security. If any such items are identified in the baggage, the baggage is removed from the scanner and subjected to hand search by officers (Segar, 2003) . Airport officials discuss that using such technology allows airport officials to save time and reduces the chance of passengers to have their bag checked; the 3D images produced make it easier for officials identify and remove such items. Stanstead Airport As of 2013, Stanstead Airport uses smart access scanners that eliminate the need of using manual boarding passes. This new systems allows passengers to quickly and easily reach their departure lounge. The Airport aims to enhance and improve passenger experience at the airport by simplifying their journey at the airport. These smart access systems also have affected and improved the security of passengers and airport. This system scans the boarding passes and verifies whether if the passenger is travelling on the correct flight and on the correct date. It ensures improved experience for passengers on the airport and easier travelling. Birmingham Airport Birmingham Airport now supports the use of security scanners that are expected to provide an additional layer of security for its passengers by effectively screening its suspicious passengers. These are body scanners that use millimeter wave frequency signals that pass through the clothes however not the body which result in 3D stick like figures of the passengers body instead of an actual image of the passengers body. For the purpose of scanning, no physical contact is required and the passengers do not experience any harm. The passengers in suspicion are expected to take up a stance and are guided into the system. The complete process does not last any longer than a few seconds. Passengers who are selected for such scans are only chosen on a random basis. The selection of passengers for the purpose of scanning is not done on any particular basis that may constitute of any type of sex, gender, religious, race or age discrimination (Vito, 2007). Recent Developments Technologies The trends in technology have been playing a significant and important role in improving the journey of airports in UK. In the future to come, it has been assumed that these technologies will be creating huge differences in the experiences of the passengers as their journey will be improving in a significant manner. Bounds and leaps being developed in the automation of processes for the passengers have resulted in instigating a shift or movement within the passenger being positioned in a significant manner. The airlines in UK have been providing a number of different processing services and there will be no need for processes within the terminal that have been making the functions highly chaotic. In the current context, two categories of body scanners are being utilized and tested at a number of different airports, which include: Rapiscan secure 1000 and millimeter wave scanners. The Rapiscan Secure 1000 is a backscatter x-ray scanner that emits ionised radiation when attempting to scan the subject while millimeter wave scanners use radio-wave frequencies that are within the frequency range of 24-30 GHz. Further division of these scanners has been done into two different categories, where one category is a machine that emits radio waves to as to produce a scanned image while the other uses natural radiation received naturally from the subject being scanned for the production of the image. Recently, in addition to the previous UK airport security measures, all passengers are not expected to provide airport officials with a proof that the electronic devices that they are carrying will be working when they fly in and out of the country i.e. all passengers are expected to only carry charged electronic devices. Their cell phones, laptops, tablets etc. will be turned on and their battery life will be verified and checked for (Shanks, 2004). The Heathrow airport has warned its passengers that no one will be allowed onto flights with devices that cannot be powered up when boarding the aircraft. In such cases, the airport is going to advices its passengers to buy chargers at the airport and would also provide them with sockets so that they can charge up their devices. Metal detection systems play a significant role in ensuring safety at airports; individuals are asked to step through metal detectors while all their belongings are subjected to x ray machines. Along with metal detectors several other scanners are now being used at airport grounds such as body scanners, bottled liquid scanners, advanced imaging techniques, threat imaging projections, explosive trace detection systems etc. These detection systems ensure proper scanning of individuals and their belongings so as to omit transportation of harmful and illegal materials. Any individual suspected with such belonging is often taken into custody by airport police officials for further inspection. These systems ensure public safety however several of these systems are surrounded by controversies that question they intrusive and invasive properties. Impact on Passengers Airport security procedure may affect individuals physically and mentally. For example in cases of body scanners, when implementing the use of such scanners in airports, several other factors are to be considered. For instance, one of the major concerns with using body scanners is exposing individuals to high radiation that may result in potential harm along with violate their privacy. The use of body scanners resulted in public outrage where many lawsuits were charged against the use of body scanners as they found body scan machines to constituting an invasion of privacy. Also, several question the effectiveness and safety of such scanners due to reasons such as exposure to small amounts of radiation; we know that high dose of radiation has been linked to cancer. Conclusion A large variety of equipment is used by airport security professional as a means of ensuring public safety; some of these equipments include biometrics, detection systems, imaging technology, body scanners, explosive trace detection systems, bottled liquid scanners, threat imaging projection etc. Such advance use of technologies at airports has resulted in a reduction in the chances of occurrence of terrorist attacks. However, at the same time, it has had a significant impact on the passenger view regarding airport security measures. In fact, use of such intrusive technology has causes the travelling public to oppose some of the measures that they believe to be unethical and violating they personal space privacy. In recent years, several cases of hijacking have surfaced on media, which in many cases have resulted in severe loss to the mankind. Due to the potential high number of deaths that may occur from attacking aircrafts and the potential use of hijacked aircrafts as weapons against country governments, airports become number one targets for terrorist attacks (Vishwanath, 2003). Thus, airports continuously work towards enhancing security techniques as a means of ensuring safety; the general public needs to know that they are safe and protected while they travel overseas. Metal detection systems play a significant role in ensuring safety at airports; individuals are asked to step through metal detectors while all their belongings are subjected to x ray machines. Along with metal detectors several other scanners are now being used at airport grounds such as body scanners, bottled liquid scanners, advanced imaging techniques, threat imaging projections, explosive trace detection systems etc. These detection systems ensure proper scanning of individuals and their belongings so as to omit transportation of harmful and illegal materials. Any individual suspected with such belonging is often taken into custody by airport police officials for further inspection. These systems ensure public safety however several of these systems are surrounded by controversies that question they intrusive and invasive properties. For instance, body scanners are questioned for their effectiveness along with being blamed of invasion of privacy. References Anthes, G. H. (2008). Promising Technology Has Yet To Gain Wide Acceptance. Computer World: Quick Study. ACI (2006), Understanding Airport Business, ACI (July 2006), p. 1-13 Advani, A. and Borins, S. (2001), "Managing airports: a test of the new public management", International Public Management Journal, vol. 4, no. 1, p. 91- 107 Freathy, P. and OConnell, F. (1999), "Planning for profit: the commercialization of European airports", Long range planning, vol. 32, no. 6, p. 587-597 Barros, C. P., Weber, W. L. (2009), Productivity growth and biased technological change in UK airports, Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, vol. 45, no. 4, p. 642-653 Carr, N. G. (2003), IT Doesnt Matter, Harvard Business Review Jiang, H. (2006), Internet Technology and Airport Economic Performance. Klann, D., (2009), The Role of Information Technology in the Airport Business: A Retail-Weighted Resource Management Approach for Capacity Constrained Airports, (unpublished PhD Thesis), Cranfield University, Cranfield. Mooney, J. G., Gurbaxani, V., and Kraemer, K. L., (1996), A Process Oriented Framework for Assessing the Business Value of Information, ACM SIGMIS Database, vol. 27, no. 2, p. 68-81. Stakeholder Management: Neely, A. D. (2007), Business performance measurement: unifying theories and integrating practice, 2nd ed, Cambridge University Press, Cambridge; New York Dahlgaard, J.J., Kristensen, K., Kanji, G.K. (2004). Advances in Total Quality Management: The Quality Journey, A Journey Without an End. Oxfordshire: Carfax Publishing Company. (2004). Biometric leader, Recognition Systems Inc., Receives Two Frost and Sullivan Awards for Leadership in the Global Markets. [Online]. Available: Gillen, D. and Lall, A. (1997), "Developing measures of airport productivity and performance: an application of data envelopment analysis", Transportation Research Part E: Logistics and Transportation Review, vol. 33, no. 4, p. 261- 273 International Biometrics Group. (2001). After the Terrorists Attacks: What could biometrics have done? What might they do in the future? Mascarenhas, B. (2009). Adoption, discontinuation, and retention of a capital good innovation. Journal of Management Studies Moore, G.C. and Benbasat, I. (2008). Development of an Instrument to Measure the Perceptions of Adopting an Information Technological Innovation. Information Systems Research Segar, K. (2003). Deterring Terrorists: In A. Silke (Ed.), Terrorists, Victims, and Society: Psychological Perspectives on Terrorism and its Consequences. Shanks, N.E.L. and Bradley, A. L.W. (2004). Handbook of Checked Baggage Screening: Advanced Airport Security Operations. London: Professional Engineering Publishing. Vishwanath, A., Goldhaber, G.M. (2003). An Examination of the Factors Contributing to Adoption Decisions Among Late-Diffused Technology Products. New Media Society Vito, G.F., and Holmes, R.M. (2007). Criminology: Theory, Research and Policy. California: Wadsworth, Inc. Oum, T. H., Adler, N. and Yu, C. (2006), "Privatization, corporatization, ownership forms and their effects on the performance of the world's major airports", Journal of Air Transport Management, vol. 12, no. 3, p. 109-121. Yan, J. and Yu, C. (2008), "Ownership forms matter for airport efficiency: A stochastic frontier investigation of worldwide airports", Journal of Urban Economics, vol. 64, no. 2, p. 422-435 Alamdari, F. and Black, I. (1992) "Passengers' Choice of Airline under Competition: the use of the Logit Model," Transport Reviews, Vol.12, No.2, pp. 152-170. Ashford, N.(1989) "Predicting the Passengers' Choice of Airport," Airport Forum, No.3, pp.42-44. Ashford, N. and Bencheman, M. (1987) "Passengers' Choice of Airport: An Application of the Multinomial Logit Model," Transportation Research Record 1147, pp. 1-5. Australia, Department of Aviation (1985) Second Sydney Airport: Site Selection Programme, Draft Environmental Impact Statement, Canberra, ACT. BAA plc (1992) 1991 Annual Review, London, England Brooke, A.S., Caves, R.E. and Pitfield, D.E. "Methodology for predicting European short-haul air transport demand from regional airports," Journal of Air Transport Management, Vol.1, No.1, March, pp.27-46. Carr, D. (1994) "Answers lie in the pockets of passengers," Airport Review, Vol. 6, No. 6, December, pp. 27-28. Clark, J., Field, F., and de Neufville, R. (1994) Manual of Case Studies and Applications in Dynamic Strategic Planning, Revised version, Technology and Policy Program, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, MA.

The Little Girl Eater, by Septimus Dale Essay Example For Students

The Little Girl Eater, by Septimus Dale Essay Miranda fetched a stone, a huge flat stone, just the right stone. When Mason saw Miranda, wheeling it, he said, Youre a good little girl. Miranda picked up the stone as high as she could and let it drop on Masons head. Shed killed the nasty Little Girl Eater. Miranda is clearly a resourceful little girl because she knew there was something quaint going on between her mother and Johnny. She is curious and inquisitive because she is fascinated by what Mason is doing, because she can only view half of his body. She is gullible because she believes what Johnny tells her about the Little Girl Eater and is frightened of adults. We know this because she didnt shout at Mason and ask him what he was doing because she was frightened that Mason might start to get angry. She wants to please her mother and likes her mothers friend, Johnny, because she kills Mason and runs off to tell her mother and Johnny. She thinks her mother will be pleased that she has killed the Little Girl Eater. We will write a custom essay on The Little Girl Eater, by Septimus Dale specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Mason is a seriously brave man because he knows he hasnt got a lot of time left before he dies, and still doesnt give up hope of survival. He is quite intelligent and inventive because he thinks of numerous ways to save himself but, unfortunately, he does not succeed. He is hopeful and understands children because when Miranda ran away from him, he knew that she would tell someone, most likely an adult who was taking care of her or her parents. Mason is not a fool and is elated when Miranda comes back; he thinks he is saved, just as he had predicted. Mason is a generous and polite man, as he is kind to Miranda even under so much pressure and pain. Mason is unlucky to be so near to being safe but yet unfortunately killed by a little gullible girl, which leaves me feeling sorry for Mason, but also makes me feel Miranda, her mother and Johnny should be punished as they are all responsible for Masons death, directly and indirectly. There are many ways that the ending is unexpected. First of all, the reader and Mason think he is saved. In many ways, it is harsh, because Mason has been really resourceful- not defeatist at all. In a situation like that, many people would have panicked, or lain there shouting for help for ages and then given up- but not Mason: he devises many schemes (digging down, scraping along) but they are all fruitless. He is not afraid eventually to face the truth: he knows hes had it and when he finally decides he is not to be saved, he sees the tin can and decides to die on his own terms, in his own time. The appearance of Miranda as her name suggests, is like a ray of sunlight for the hard working, solid Mason. However, he has no idea of her background and, if anything, this story is a perfect illustration of not being a Cry Wolf person and also the danger of speaking carelessly to children-most of them will believe anything. The first misfortune for Mason is that Miranda has a reputation for lying/fantasising, so that when she tells her mother the story about Mason, her mother automatically does not believe her, even more so when she includes the word, bloody, in her description. Johnny compounds the mishandling of the situation by deciding to solve an irritating problem (i. e. Mirandas presence) by his lurid story; he clearly isnt used to dealing with young children and does not realise what harm his story might lead to-and it does! Miranda takes the story at face value, and thats the end for Mason. So a combination of unfortunate circumstance leads to Masons demise. My opinion-entertaining because of the ending; perhaps dubious, because we burst out laughing when a brave man is killed. Very Roald Dhal: is the name a pseudonym?

Time Management in College Five Golden Rules [Guest Post]

Time Management in College Five Golden Rules [Guest Post] Do you like to learn? I do! Every hour spent at the university was great fun to me. I love to broaden my knowledge, acquire new skills and use them later in practice. However, mastering knowledge of all subjects is extremely time-consuming, especially when each of them refers to different issues, which not always overlap. Therefore, if students want to get good scores in many disciplines, they should admit that time-management in college is crucial! Meeting deadlines is one thing, and keeping the quality of the assimilated content high enough is another. Both issues are significant for students. The reason is that their combination is what makes students successful. I have to admit that I have experienced some slips in my life and terrible pangs of conscience due to the result not meeting my obligations frustrates me greatly because it conflicts with my inner need to be perfect in everything. Today, however, I am no longer the same person who started their adventure with studies. Today, I understand how valuable every minute of my day is. Thats why I try to use these 24 hours to the maximum, so as not to have any regrets that I wasted my time because I was too lazy. If you also want to boost your efficiency, check out five golden rules of time-management in college! #1 Learn to Say No Probably each of us at least once in their life found themselves in a situation in which the number of tasks to perform overwhelmed psych them out. Such moments particularly love to attract people who would like to have their project done by someone else as if those were walking with a loudspeaker and announcing they eagerly relieve their fellowmen in carrying out their duties. I am well aware that saying no is not the simplest thing to do; however, its paramount for time-management in college. We usually do not want to risk the consequences of refusing our help our college friends. After all, we may also need it one day, right? That is why the way in which we communicate this refusal is so crucial – find some practical advice on how to say no so that nobody will consider us to be a chuff! Believe me, if you finally start to devote 100% of your learning time to do your job, you will quickly feel the difference! It will allow you to focus as much as possible on what you can and take your exams without blinking an eye. #2 Do Not Distract Yourself Improving your skills of time-management in college is a challenge to many students. Lets face the truth: whenever we sit down to learn, everything starts to tempt twice as much. Social media, a book, an episode of a favorite TV series (especially when a difficult exam is approaching fast), even hunger starts to get worse than usual. I know it better than you think – as soon as you start learning, the sounds from the outside become much more intense and disperse the barely achieved concentration. Thats why whenever I start learning, I turn off my wi-fi and put my phone away at a safe distance, much longer than the length of my arm, and also behind my back. When someone calls, I have the opportunity to get up and move. Whats more, I no longer check my Facebook account compulsorily reading the same entry three times. This way it is reliable and the results, although difficult to achieve, are incredibly satisfying – I do not waste time on staring at my smartphone and consuming a million different pieces of information. I focus much better on the content to learn for a test or an exam, so I am also more satisfied with their results! Besides, I have learned not to check now and then if I have received a message. It was incredibly difficult for me because I try to answer my friends questions as soon as possible. From experience, however, I know that immediately after any distractions connected to the phone, it is the news that distracts me the most. #3 Prepare a List Of Tasks One of the most important principle of time-management in college is creating to-do lists. Did you know that we are doing much better when we stick to the established plan? Mastering the confusion is the easiest way to concentrate because knowing our next steps allows us to control the time we spend on it. Of course, chaos can also be creative and develop creativity, but unfortunately, this is not a good solution, not in the long run. By placing tasks in a more rigid framework, our efficiency is increased – and that is what it is all about! Here, I have something of a sub-item for you, that is, use tools!Task lists can be drawn up in many ways. The easiest way is, of course, to take a piece of paper and a pen, but I prefer the application for a smartphone. I have already tried Todoist, Asana, Trello, Podio, and TimeCamp, so I know exactly how much time I need to learn a particular subject or to complete another project. I also enter data regularly into my calendar (Calendar for Mac OS). On top of all I have a notebook at hand, which I use to note down some ephemeral ideas and thoughts. #4 Set Yourself a Time Limit When we learn or write some essays for classes, we often encounter the same type of tasks. Notes or scripts are usually of a similar size, so we can determine how long it will take us to prepare them, including any preparation – just as in the case of learning for a particular subject. Again, I will mention the time tracking tools, such as TimeCamp – just turn them on when you start learning, and the application will count the minutes and hours spent on that activity by itself. Doing so definitely makes it easier for students to manage their time because they are able to divide their day in such a way that any of their duties is fulfilled at the expense of the other. Imagine how lucky it will be to learn of three subjects instead of two? I would be proud of myself, would you? You should! Following the rules of time-management in college means no more missed deadlines. #5 Take a Break And the last but not the least rule of time-management in college is taking breaks! Our brain needs rest. Imagine working persistently out at a gym, putting yourself through the hoops there achieve the desired results. It is impossible for you to withstand it without even a short break! The same goes for the mind – it, too, needs rest to work correctly. That is why it is so vital to take a break from time to time while creating something, which is a typically intellectual effort. For me, it usually means two minutes spent with my eyes closed, preparing a meal or, more and more often, a series of simple physical exercises. These small pauses will allow you to enhance your focus and give you the strength to do more work so that you will finish it much faster! If youve missed our blog on helpful time-management activities for students, check it out now, so that you had a complete picture on how to manage your time. Author: Ola Rybacka Ola is a Community Manager at TimeCamp a time tracking software company  and a new media maniac. Shes a Ph.D. and speech therapy student, treats the university as the second home. Likes reading science fiction and fantasy books, prefers rock and celtic music, loves sitting in the kitchen and cooking for her friends and family.  Find her on Twitter here: @pidzuchna

buy custom Mobile Phone Technology essay

buy custom Mobile Phone Technology essay Technology caused a lot of excitement and many people think that this is the thing that they have been waiting for especially with the invention of mobile phones. However, some things may not really be as they seem. Mobile phones have more disadvantages than advantages in modern world systems. Thus, this essay highlights the very little and harmful contribution that mobile phones have made to the contemporary world. Have you ever sat down with yourself and considered what mobile technology has caused? There is a lot of fuss about it but this technology has got nothing to show especially when compared to histrical inventions in technology in ancient Greece. There was much development than what the mobile technology has achieved. Mobile phones are just but a mere psychological revolutionary thing meant to lure people to lose their money to others. The manufacturer of this technology has nothing much to do with the mobile phones other than selling to ignorant masses and gaining profits. I have seen many wealthy people in my locality with what can be referred to as low class mobile phones whereas you could find a person who is struggling to survive with a very expensive phone. It is very much distuurbing to find that the user of the expensive phone utilizes only a small percentage of the mobile phone features. The fact that something is available and is new does not make it a valuable substance. It could as well be a retrogressive development. Phones have so much detrimental effects than their benefits. It is only an excitement that gets us going without really looking at its benefits. Indeed, this is the nature of human beings. They can easily be lured into something without their knowledge and before they realize it, it has already become hard to withdraw. That is the hard truth. I have gotten you the facts, so you can decide. Buy custom Mobile Phone Technology essay

Critical sumamries Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Critical sumamries - Essay Example The kings ruled the dynasty with the principles of All-Under-Heaven, which implied a common civilized world. It is evident that people could acquire cultures. The Confucian teachings have several assertions on the ability of an individual to transform to a civilized being. The section provides a brief history to illustrate the idea of state identity as well as ethnicity. It explains that Zhou and other kings used to rule the dynasty and overcome state and ethnic boundaries. The section relates to others by describing one of the ancient Chinese territories. The Zhou dynasty is similar to other territories in the chapter such as the Tang dynasty (Ebrey, 55). The section corresponds to the main concept of the chapter by explaining practices of the ancient Chinese. The concept of state and ethnic identity in the ancient Chinese territories relates to the current ethnic classifications of the Chinese. It is common for the Chinese as well as other people to identify with their ethnic groups and regional

Cultural Practices in Yanomamo Culture Research Paper

Cultural Practices in Yanomamo Culture - Research Paper Example This tribe did not have any contact with the outside world until the 1950s before which they lived in complete isolation. They were able to adapt themselves to their environment through means of cultural adaptation by following their cultural standards and practices (Trachoma among the Yanomami, Web). The Yanomamo tribe consists of hunters and horticulturists who frequently move to new areas when the soil becomes exhausted. More than half of the Yanomami live within the Amazon forest while some live along the major rivers. Similar to their living conditions, the Yanomamo also follow different rituals and beliefs. Their religious beliefs are also based on the principles of animism. They believe that the forests entail a spiritual existence along with its other uses of food and plants etc (Yanomamo, Varying Adaptations of Foraging Horticulturalists, Web). One of the main cultural practices followed by the Yanomami is Polygny which is the most common form of polygamy. Polygny is a practice in which a man has more than one wife at the same time. In the Yanomamo society, arranged marriages are common and the marriage is often based on survival and other economic factors. The men are given a higher position or role and the women are treated as servants and properties of other members of the society. The female members of this community are not allowed to participate in most of the activities but the preparation is done by the females themselves.

Job Organization and Information Essay Example for Free

Job Organization and Information Essay The job description might be broadened to form a person specification or may be known as Terms Of Reference Roles and responsibilities A job description may include relationships with other people in the organization: Supervisory level, managerial requirements, and relationships with other colleagues. Goals A job description need not be limited to explaining the current situation, or work that is currently expected; it may also set out goals for what might be achieved in future. Limitations Job descriptions may not be suitable for some senior managers as they should have the freedom to take the initiative and find fruitful new directions; †¢Job descriptions may be too inflexible in a rapidly-changing organization, for instance in an area subject to rapid technological change; †¢Other changes in job content may lead to the job description being out of date; †¢The process that an organization uses to create job descriptions may not be optimal.

Personal Narrative - Suicide and the Death of My Father :: Personal Narrative Essay Example

The Death of My Father My father and I went hiking together just about every year since I was born. Some years it would be just the two of us, and some years my brother David would come too. When we first begin doing this, we used to stay in our own tent that we would carry upon our backs, but as my father got older, we gradually shifted from tents to staying in lean-tos, then log shelters, and finally to the comfort of the huts that the Appalachian Mountain Club runs on some of the ranges in the White Mountains. With these huts, you get to the top of a peak and find blankets and a hot meal waiting for you. My father and I left three days ago for our annual hike. On our second day, two days ago, we had had a long, but good, day. We had made it most of the way up Mount Lafayette on the edge of the beautiful Pemigwaset wilderness, and we pulled into the Appalachian Mountain Club hut there for a meal. We were enjoying our dinner together, and he was looked comfortable and content. Just before dessert was to be served, my father suddenly slumped forward in his seat and died. Halfway through our hike on the day that he died, I thought my father might have looked a little tired, and I suggested that perhaps we should turn around and take an easier route to a different hut, but he didn't want to. He said that he was doing fine and that besides, we had already made reservations at this particular hut. I said to him: "If something happens to you, do you want people to say `He kept on going because he didn't want to lose his hut reservation?" And he replied, "I think that if something happened, they'd say: `he did it because that's who he was.'" I can say that he died peacefully in a beautiful place and I can say that he probably died proud, not just proud of the determined recovery he had made from a car accident this past winter, but proud of living his life as he always had - making his own choices and choosing his own path. But these things will never be any real consolation to us for the 20 years more that my father should have been with us, sharing his unique mix of stubbornness, humor, wisdom, cynicism, and especially love - a love of life, a love of his family and a love of his community.

Evaluate the planning function of management

Another issue, which involves more of the Boeing’s social responsibility in relation to security, is the illegal export of commercial jets with QRS-11 gyrochip, Between 2000 and 2003, Boeing exported commercial jets with a QRS-11 gyrochip in the instrument flight boxes, even though the chip was classified by the State Department as an export-restricted defense item because it can be used to stabilize and steer guided missiles (Gates & Mundy, 2006).Just imagine if these chips could go into the wrong hands. This issue could greatly impact Boeings management planning since the State Department last year prepared civil charges alleging 94 violations of the Arms Control Act. The possible outcome could lead to potential fine of as much as $47 million. Even without the fine, this will further degrade the already tinted image of Boeing organization.As a response to this looming legal, ethical and social responsibility issues, Boeing organization has made the prevention of additional s candals the primary management concern. With these past and present legal, ethical and social responsibility issues it is apparent that Boeing can no longer take any additional scandals. At a Boeing annual leadership retreat, General Counsel Doug Bain emphasized the severe sanctions he said are possible from two major scandals on Boeing's defense side and for alleged breaches of export laws.Boeing faces possible indictment by U.S. attorneys on both coasts, and the Department of Justice's assessment of damages exceeds $5 billion, he said. In addition, Boeing could be barred from government defense contracts or denied export licenses for both military and commercial sales, he said (Gates & Mundy, 2006). Additional scandal would reduce their chances of the legal outcomes of these present issues. In the recent years 15 company vice presidents have already been pushed out because of lapses regarding various ethical issues, which is a very alarming figure. The management planning has ther efore focused the scandal prevention strategies within top post of the organization.2- Analyze at least three factors that influence the company`s strategic, tactical, operational, and contingency planning.In 2001 shocked the Seattle community by announcing that it would move its headquarters to another location. According to Parish & Company (2001) that Boeing made this decision due to an inability to compete for capital with a financial pyramid scheme at the Microsoft Corporation. Its workers in Seattle are falling behind due to wage increases not keeping up with the area’s true inflation rate. Since Boeing is a cost intensive highly unionized organization this has resulted in intense labor conflicts with management.In the last bargaining session management asked that workers accept more wages in stock options rather than cash wages yet this is a tough sell to Boeing's workers.   Management is clearly attempting to join a pyramid scheme initiated by Microsoft yet being de nied access by its workers who want real cash wages (Parish, 2001). While Boeing Corporation must get from its earnings the cash wages it pays to workers, Microsoft is not required to deduct its stock option wages from earnings, due to an accounting loophole, even though the same tax deduction is provided in each case,This placed Boeing is placed in a situation where it is handicapped in the capital markets.   Boeing's stock is essentially deflated because it is being forced to show its wage expense as a deduction from earnings, thereby lowering earnings (Parish, 2001). On the other hand, Microsoft's earnings are grossly inflated, drawing more investor interest.   This forces Boeing to cut costs in order to improve earnings and thereby raise its stock price. This is more an economic factor that is affecting Boeing’s business strategy.The recent battle between Airbus A380 and Boeing 787 Dreamliner has also greatly affected Boeing’s strategy and contingency plans. Wh en Airbus launched the A380, a large plane with a capacity of more than 500, Boeing has to compete with great speed in the development life cycle in order to gain a larger market share. The A380 is built around the assumption that airlines will continue to fly smaller planes on shorter routes (spokes) into a few large hubs, then onward to the next hub on giant airplanes (Babej ; Pollak, 2006).This is based on the assumption that passengers will want to put up with the hassles of changing planes in exchange for the privilege of traveling in a jet-powered cruise liner. While Airbus focus on size and capacity, Boeing rides on the idea of fuel efficient plane that will bring people directly to where they want to go.According to Marty Bentrott, Vice President of sales, â€Å"Our strategy has been to design and build an airplane that will take passengers where they want to go, when they want to go, without intermediate stops; do it efficiently while providing the utmost comfort to passen gers; and make it simple and cost-effective for airlines to operate† (Babej ; Pollak, 2006). Boeing’s strategy is to focus on innovation to make fuel-efficient engines as oppose to economy through size. This is an example of a technological factor affecting Boeings contingency plan.Globalization has also greatly affected Boeing’s strategy. The growing power of international economic and market forces has made considerable impacts on tourism. Tourism studies have shown that Airline have made significant profits in 2004. These increases in travel coincide with Boeng’s target to build bigger and long range fuel efficient Boeing 787 Dreamliners.ReferencesGates, D. ; Mundy, A. (2006). Boeing lawyer warns of company's legal peril. Retrieved on February 16, 2007 from the SeattleTimes online web site: http://old.seattletimes.com/html/businesstechnology/2002772936_boeing31.htmlParish, B. (2001). Microsoft Financial Pyramid Costs Seattle Its Largest Employer, the Bo eing Corporation, and Destabilizes Government Tax Revenues. Retrieved on February 16, 2007   from the Parish and Company Home Page : http://www.billparish.com/20010322boeingandmsft.htmlBabej, M, & Pollak, T. (2001). Boeing Versus Airbus. Retrieved on February 16, 2007   from the Forbes.com website : http://www.forbes.com/forbes/welcome/?toURL=http://www.forbes.com/2006/05/23/unsolicited-advice-advertising-cx_meb_0524boeing.html&refURL=&referrer=

Effective Communication in a Criminal Justice Settings Essay

In the criminal justice system, a police officer’s ability to communicate is one of the most important traits an officer can have. Police officers communicate with everyone from the public to peers, arrestees, victim and suspect families, and court personnel. A police officer must determine the most effective way to communicate, using several different methods, with everyone without offending or sounding weak. Public Announcements to the Press Police officers deal with the public on a constant basis. Many times, police officers will have to address the public in a professional, staged appearance. Public announcements can be in person, often live in front of news cameras, or a written statement the press uses to publish in the print media, website, or news broadcast. High-profile cases, riots, or inmate suicides are reasons a corrections officer may need to provide an announcement to the press. Upon making a public announcement, it is important for the corrections officer to speak directly to the audience and keep sentences short to avoid confusing the audience (Wallace & Roberson, p. 71, 2009). Usually, when giving a public address announcement, the press will follow up the message with questions of their own to clarify the remarks, or in an attempt to get additional information if the message is too vague. When a police officer speaks to the media publically, it is important for the officer to know his or her facts and be very keen on the topic (Wallace & Roberson, p. 79, 2009). If there was an officer involved shooting, the public and the media could care less to hear about the new patrol cars or k-9 unit. It is important to be punctual and understand the timeframe the speaker has to present his or her information to the media. The speaker should prepare him or herself by having notes or an outline to  follow, it is not a good idea to â€Å"wing it,† especially if the purpose for the public announcement is serious. A speaker’s appearance is important because the media and public could be critical and doubt the sincerity of the speech if the speaker fails to take the time necessary to look presentable. When a police officer provides a written announcement he or she needs to be as professional as possible. It is important to avoid the use of legal or technical jargon, slang, or words the audience may be unfamiliar with (Wallace & Roberson, p. 73, 2009). The print media may not have the time to contact the speaker and ask for clarification so it is important to use clear and concise language when providing written statements for the media. Testifying in court Effective communication in the courtroom is a necessary cog in the wheel of criminal justice. As a police officer, it is important to understand the importance of effective communication while presenting evidence or testifying in court. Defense attorneys will try to confuse try to make the officer second-guess his or her actions or the content of an incident report. An ill-prepared corrections officer may become impatient and exasperated if challenged by an aggressive defense attorney (Wallace & Roberson, p. 111, 2009). Police officers commonly make errors because of the lack of preparedness prior to taking the witness stand (Wallace & Roberson, p. 71, 2009). Police officers should meet with the attorney they are being summons by in order to read over their report and refresh their memory in preparation for the stand. If a police officer is set to testify during a trial, it behooves the officer to communicate with the prosecution to prepare for questions the Prosecution will ask, and potential questions the defense attorney will ask. When a police officer writes a report, it is essential to include important and necessary information. Police officers write various types of reports. However, the information contained in each type of report must be clear, concise, and honest. Future court cases may depend on information contained in an officer’s report as evidence in a criminal case (Miller & Whitehead, p. 4, 2011). Disciplinary review boards may rely on an officer’s incident report to determine if an officer operated outside his or her scope of duty. Prior to the court appearance, the police officer must analyze his or her report to enhance his or her preparedness for the trial. The court will not wait for the corrections officer to fumble through his or her notes. Preparedness will enhance the officer’s credibility with the jury; whereas, an unprepared and confused corrections officer may look incompetent to a jury, which may cause the jury to questions the validity of the events recorded in the report and the officer’s testimony. When a police officer testifies in court, it is not only essential but also the law to be honest in everything said. If the corrections officer does not know the answer, saying, â€Å"I do not know† is appropriate. If the police officer does not remember a specific event, it is appropriate to ask the judge to review notes or a copy of his or her report if he or she has one (Wallace & Roberson, p. 115, 2009). However, reading the report word-for-word or taking too long to locate the answer to a question may cause the jury to doubt the truthfulness and competence of the officer. The jury may think, â€Å"you were there, how could you not remember?† The officer must never assume the next question, but wait for the defense or prosecuting attorney to ask the questions and provide an honest answer in a clear and loud voice. Effective communication applies to the back and forth conversation the police officer has with both the prosecutor and defense attorney. It is important for the police officer to understand the questions the attorneys ask (Wallace & Roberson, p. 115, 2009). It is appropriate for an officer to ask for clarification if he or she fails to understand the wording of the questions (Wallace & Roberson, p. 115, 2009). A police officer must remember the court records his or her testimony in a written transcript, and sometimes by audio recording. The officer must master communicating orally when testifying in court because a stenographer cannot and will not type hand gestures, nods, shrugs, etc. (Wallace & Roberson, p. 115, 2009). It is important for the police officer to remember they are in a court of law, and he or she represents his or her agency. The police officer must show respect for the court, the judge, the prosecutor, and the defense  attorney. A jury may look poorly upon a rude, belligerent, and disrespectful officer. Disrespect for the court could result in administrative reprimand or contempt charges. Appellate courts use written trial transcript when they review a lower-court ruling. The appellate courts do not review or see new evidence; therefore, it is imperative for a corrections officer to do his or her part in practicing effective oral communication. A police officer appearance is also important when testifying in court. An officer’s appearance is the first thing a jury sees, and the jury will judge the officer on his or her appearance. An officer should have a clean, wrinkle free uniform shirt and trousers. The officer should have his or her shirt tucked in and shoes shined. A sloppy looking, unkept officer will look unfavorable on the jury, who may use that negative first impression when deciding the believability of the officer’s testimony. Communicating with Peers and the General Public Effective communication with peers in the general public is not only necessary but also life saving. Police officers tend to use their own â€Å"lingo,† or â€Å"cop-talk† to communicate with each other. Most non-law enforcement people are familiar with the term â€Å"Code 4,† which can mean, â€Å"Yes, okay, copy, etc.† Code 4 is one of a normal range of 13. Each number represents a message an officer uses instead of explaining word-for-word what they need. This abbreviated form of communication is known as â€Å"common code.† In police departments within the County of Boulder, Colorado departments use the common code. For instance, â€Å"code 4, code 5 with one† means an officer is okay with one person in handcuffs. Code 13 would mean â€Å"I need one additional officer as fast as possible.† Communicating with superior officers is also important. Higher-ranking officers in a police department supervise the officers. If there are ineffective rules or policies in place, it is the responsibility of the officer to follow the chain of command and provide feedback and possible suggestions on how to improve the ineffective policies. Police officers see the world differently from non-law enforcement citizens.  Police officers spend most of their day running from call to call. Experienced police officers have a different perspective on humanity; they often share and agree with those jaded views of society with fellow officers (Gilmartin, 2002). This can cause poor communication methods when speaking to the general public. It is easy to look at an arrestee and judge him or her as a â€Å"loser, a drug addict, or pervert.† Not all arrestee are guilty of their charges; everyone is presumed innocent until proven guilty in a court of law. However, it is important for a police officer to put aside feelings of contempt and communicate with arrestees in a respectful and professional manner. Gilmartin (2002) stated, â€Å"Officers control 100% of their integrity and Professionalism. Everything else – policies, uniforms, required procedures, budget, assignments, organizational goals, and just about every other central aspect of the officer’s role, is controlled by someone else† (p. 80). Communicating with arrestees is different from communicating with people who are not under arrest or detained. Arrestees are under a great deal of stress because of their limited freedom and the unknown future that awaits them. Although difficult, it is important to remember the current situation of an arrestee when communicating with them, especially telling them they cannot do certain things. Many arrestee are not accustomed to somebody telling them â€Å"no.† Communicating with Peers and Juvenile Arrestees Communicating with peers in a juvenile arrestee situation is quite similar to communicating with peers in an adult situation. Clear and concise lateral communication is impotent between officers over radio transmission as well as face-to-face communication. A juvenile arrestee situation can be a dangerous setting even though the arrestees are usually under the age of 18. An officer must use careful consideration when dealing with juvenile offenders. Juvenile minds are not fully developed. Juvenile minds may also lack the comprehension to understand the seriousness of their actions. Most of the offenders do not think and act as adult offenders do; therefore, officers must try to communicate closer to their level. A police officer has to remember that a juvenile offender attains certain special rights when detained. The juvenile cannot be questioned without a lawyer or parent present. Many officers forget this note in many state laws and end up losing a case because admitted evidence is thrown out during trial. In conclusion,  police officers have a duty to themselves, their peers, arrestees, the courts, and the public to be effective communicators. Verbal and nonverbal communication skills are important to learn, and continue to improve upon. A police officer who learns to apply effective communication skills in his or her occupation will become a valuable asset within his or her department. The community will have more confidence in a department if they have confidence it the officers who represent it. Officers who communicate with different types of people will also gain the respect and trust of their peers and supervisors. References Gilmartin, K. (2002). Emotional Survival For Law Enforcement. Tucson, AZ: E-S Press. Miller, L., & Whitehead, J. (2011). Report writing for criminal justice professionals (4th ed.). Retrieved from University of Phoenix eBook Collection database Wallace, H., & Roberson, C. (2009). Written and interpersonal communication: Methods for law enforcement (4th ed.). Retrieved from University of Phoenix eBook Collection database

Pig-Footed Bandicoot - Facts and Figures

Pig-Footed Bandicoot - Facts and Figures Name: Pig-Footed Bandicoot; also known as Chaeropus ecaudatus Habitat: Plains of Australia Historical Epoch: Pleistocene-Modern (2 million-100 years ago) Size and Weight: About six inches long and a few ounces Diet: Plants Distinguishing Characteristics: Rabbit-like ears; narrow snout; long, spindly legs About the Pig-Footed Bandicoot As you can guess from its name, the Pig-Footed Bandicoot was one of the oddest prehistoric marsupials ever to grace Australias vast interior. This tiny plains-dweller had long, rabbit-like ears, a narrow, opossum-like snout, and exceptionally spindly legs with strangely toed feet, which gave it a comical appearance when hopping, walking or running. As far as is knownsince the last living individual was glimpsed over 100 years agothe Pig-Footed Bandicoot nested during the day in grass-lined burrows, and emerged at night to feed on grass seeds (though specimens in captivity enjoyed a more omnivorous diet). Its not clear exactly why the Pig-Footed Bandicoot went extinct. This tiny mammal managed to coexist, more or less, with the Australian aborigines for tens of thousands of years; most likely it was the much different farming practices of later European settlers that eroded its habitat and sources of food (it didnt help that the cats and dogs the settlers brought with them made quick snacks of the Pig-Footed Bandicoot, at least those individuals too slow to make a hasty escape). During the nineteenth century, a few European naturalists tried to study the rapidly dwindling Pig-Footed Bandicoot before it disappeared off the face of the earth. Amusingly, one adventurer went to great pains to obtain two live specimens from a tribe of Aboriginesand then was forced to eat them when he ran out of food! (See a slideshow of 10 Recently Extinct Marsupials)

Modern Drama and the Diminution of Dreams essays

Modern Drama and the Diminution of Dreams essays The Aristotelian view of drama required an imitation of life, but his heroes were invariably members of the noble class. He regarded Sophocles Oedipus Rex as the perfect play. Given this viewpoint, and given the stranglehold that Aristotle had over Europe over the next sixteen centuries, it is no wonder that most drama from the Greeks through until the renaissance were designed with this in mind. Dramatic heroes needed to be elevated so that their plunge into darkness would be all the more extreme. The Renaissance began a process which allowed a re-examination of drama. No longer was a protagonist required to be a king. Now it was possible for lesser mortals to experience the devastation formerly reserved for nobility. By the 19th century Naturalism and Humanism had made it possible for plays to be written about prostitutes as protagonists, such as The Lady of the Camillias in 1849, which eventually degenerated into Eugene ONeils Anna Christie. By 1902 Maxim Gorky was writing plays about the dregs of society, the lower class, as in The Lower Depths. Realism allowed playwrights a chance to write about real people. Ibsen wrote about women smothered by society, as in A Dolls House, or The Wild Duck. ONeil wrote plays about dysfunctional families, such as A Long Days Journey into Night, or plays about the destruction of lower class men, such as The Emperor Jones and The Hairy Ape. None of these protagonists were noble in class, and yet their falls often resulted in death, and the act of their falls left audiences as drained as the Athenians who watched a king plummet from grace. Along with this de-emphasis on the stature of the protagonist has come a shift in the tragedy that surrounds them. Aristotle stressed the natural, as he said in his discussion of plot, in that it should follow the rule of what is possible according to the law of probability or necessity. ...

A critical review of the literature on the nursing management of type

A critical of the on the nursing management of type 2 adult diabetec patients - Literature review Example This research paper will aim to review the literature on the use of nursing interventions to improve compliance It is argued that for the better management of diabetes and for the eradication of non-compliance behaviour, effective nursing intervention can be resourceful. A literature review was therefore conducted on the compliance of patients with diabetes type 2 and the role of nursing interventions in improving compliance. The databases searched were CINAHL, British Nursing Index, ASSIA and The Cochrane Library. The results showed three main themes which have been discussed in the paper. The themes have been analyzed in the context of the research topic and implications for clinical practice have been highlighted. The studies are both qualitative as well as quantitative and have used several study designs such as randomized control trials, reviews, systematic literature review and correlational studies. The nursing-led interventions have not been studied taking a large sample and the study designs are at times not very reliable. This necessitates more researches to be done to reinforce the results of the previous studies. On a general note, the studies have suggested that nursing interventions aimed at providing more education, awareness and advice to the patients have positive effects on encouraging self-care and increasing compliance to control regimes. More researches need to be done on larger samples so that the results can be generalized to the entire population. The study helps to identify that implications for health care professionals from various departments exist; interprofessional team work from nurses, general practitioners, volunteers and social workers can collectively be focused on the better implementation of interventions and empowering diabetic patients. Keywords: â€Å"compliance†, â€Å"diabetes type 2†, â€Å"nursing interventions† 1. Introduction Diabetes is taken from the Greek verb diabainein, meaning to stand wit h the legs open as one does in urination. Diabetes is a fast-growing disease and is characteristic of polyruria. There are two main types of diabetes i.e. diabetes mellitus and diabetes insipidus. Diabetes mellitus is related to the hyperglycemia or intolerance to glucose in contrast to diabetes insipidus which occurs because of the lack of production of anti-diuretic hormone. Type 2 diabetes is a subclass of diabetes mellitus with typical symptoms of hyperglycemia due to insulin resistance and/or insulin deficiency (King & Brucker 2009). It is noted that obesity and diabetes type 2 have a strong correlation. According to Joslin and Kahn (2005) obesity worsens the insulin resistance and patients with diabetes type 2 develop an increased risk for a range of diseases such as macrovascular and microvascular problems. This paper aims to highlight nursing management practices with respect to the care of patients with type 2 diabetes. Nursing management entails the â€Å"use of personnel , supplies, equipment, clinical knowledge, and skills to give nursing care to clients within varying environments† (Roussel & Swansburg 2006). Nursing management brings together a number of principles such as planning, effective use of time, decision-making, formulation of goals, organization, leadership and working as knowledge workers. Type 2 diabetes is the most common form of diabetes and patients typically have a large store of abdominal fat (Plotnick & Henderson 1998). Diabetes is growing rapidly in the UK with more than 2.6 million people diagnosed with the condition in 2009. It was also documented that in 2009, there were a further 0.5 million people who had type 2 diabetes but were not aware of it (Diabetes UK 2009). There are several treatment options available to patients, of which weight reduction and administration of oral agents are proven to be effective. Aschenbrenner and Venable (2008) assert

Law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words - 9

Law - Essay Example Project management and using media within his practice is another part of his practice. Generally, the paramedic becomes a highly respected member of the community rather than turn out to be an anonymous person. His work and the speed with which he responds to a call together contribute to the picture of a saviour. The professionalism, the awareness of conforming to the multidisciplinary team and accountability make him what he is in the community (Mulholland, 10th NRHC). â€Å"Rural community engagement, emergency care, scope of extension of practice and primary health care† (RESP) have been included within the job description of a paramedic in the Australian Council of Ambulance Authorities (AAA.). The paramedic makes decisions of life and death under stress. However his practice does not only include only medical decisions (Steer, 2007). Culture, law and ethics problems infiltrate it creating impromptu problems which need to be solved under extreme pressure. Consent for adopting an intervention would depend on the patient. Refusal of care is a major problem that can stop him in his tracks (Steer, 2007). The paramedic must expect these and act shrewdly if he is to save that patient. His skillful application of the necessary rules or laws should smoothen the process. The patient could be in an inebriated state which can be interpreted as incompetence for giving consent. The situation can be explained and the possible reasons for the wheeze which has occurred. The outcomes too may be related. If the person does not still provide valid legal consent, the paramedic is facing the â€Å"Recipe of Difficulty†. He can enquire if the wheeze had occurred earlier and whether it is a habitual event. I f so, the patient may have the necessary medicines or inhaler with him to overcome the wheeze, the cause of which could be just bronchial asthma, and he may not have taken them when he was seen. The paramedic can encourage him to take the medicine or inhale

Marketing coursework Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Marketing - Coursework Example Agriculture and any other economic activity such as tourism cannot thrive in a society that does not have efficient water management strategies. Challenges related to water in Ethiopia have persisted for several decades now. Management of water resources is the only way to meet the growing needs for agricultural products soas to help reduce poverty and food insecurity. Further, water can be used as an important entry point to bring development in the social environment and economy thus leading to sustainable development (Gabre-Egziabher 2007, p.67). Ethiopia is also challenged with several civil wars. Ethnic communities have been fighting each other over the scarce resources in the country. The civil wars have also been linked to poor governance because there are numerous corruption scandals affecting the delivery of services to all ethnic communities. As a result, wars between communities have emerged. This level of insecurity cannot allow the smooth flow of tourists in the country (Kiros 2006, p.212). Due to mismanagement of water resources, Ethiopia has witnessed one of the worst droughts in the world. Human beings have died due to famine which prompted the international community to intervene and save the citizens from the great famine of Ethiopia that occured in 1986. Drought cannot allow any agricultural activity to take place, which is why food prices continue to be highin the country . According to the United Nations, Ethiopia is one of the countries that depend on relief food for its population’s survival (Brems & Beken 2008, p.129). Any investment in the tourism sector needs adequate infrastructure such as good road and railway systems. In Ethiopia, there are no adequate roads that can easen the movement of tourists from one region to another. The road networks as well as the rail systems are underdeveloped. The movement of tourists from one place to another cannot be easy in such a situation. In addition, there are no adequate airports that ca n provide air transport to various tourist attraction sites in the country (Asfaw 2006, p.48). In relation to security, Ethiopia does not have the right security personnel equipped with modern technology to identify terror threats. Terrorism continues to be one of the challenges affecting tourism. Without guaranteed security, there can never be any benefit arising out of the industry. In addition, the numerous ethnic conflicts are also not suitable for tourist visits to the attraction sites (Asfaw 2006, p.48). The weak and developing justice system does not provide procedural guarantees including legal aid, an appeal system, fair trial and equity before law. Despite these issues being given priority in the constitution, their implementation is still a challenge. The unreliable justice system is not friendly to potential investors in the country. Furthermore there is a severe shortage of trained legal staff meaning that potential investors and players in the tourism sector lack confi dence in the delivery of justice (Gabre-Egziabher 2007, p.67). Political repression is a major challenge to the citizens of Ethiopia. The ruling party EPRDF has continued to trample on the rights of the citizens. Opposition leaders are not given a chance to air their grievances concerning the illegal dealings and scandals in the government. The government has punitive legislative laws aimed at the press and the civil society. The main aim of the government is to affect the

Remind yourself of the opening passage Essay Example for Free

Remind yourself of the opening passage Essay Of course, Marlow is the only one we really need be concerned with, as it is he who goes on to co-narrate the rest of the book. The Director of Companies doubles as the captain and the host. This shows how they generally look upon him with affection, trust and respect. The Lawyer is older than the rest and possesses many virtues. The Accountant is toying with dominoes, trying to start a game. This possibly shows his views are childish and not generally considered with a lot of respect by his associates, or by Conrad himself. All of them already have the bond of the sea. and they are tolerant of one another. However, there is then Marlow. He has a rather withered appearance He had sunken cheeks, a yellow complexion He is a man who doesnt really characterize his class: although he is a seaman, he is also a wanderer, which is rather strange, since most seamen live inactive lives aboard the ship. These ideas can be read into by just taking into account the first description of Marlow. The sallow skin and sunken cheeks dont give the impression that he is healthy or happy. He is certainly different from everyone else on the boat. It doesnt seem coincidental that hes the only person on the s boat who is named too. He is distinct from them because he has no category that fits him. This could be part of Conrad giving the reader an idea of Marlows unreliability throughout his whole narration. It is certainly explored as the book continues. This is Conrads way of arranging the overall structure of the novel. People do realise that it is going to be a remembrance of a story, and this story accounts for Marlows presently shaky, impenetrable state. Yet, it is out of the ordinary that he does also say that Marlow resembled an idol. The fact he put this in may suggest that he is being looked up to, and the fact he survived Africa and back is impressive. After the crews descriptions, the whole passage focuses on again describing the setting, and then bringing historic recollection of the surroundings. Conrad mentions Sir Francis Drake to Sir John Franklin, two of the famous explorers that travelled down the same river. During this same passage he then talks about feelings of the British people the germs of empires, who manipulated other human beings and resources. This goes a long way to revealing Conrads view on the slavery and demolition. Despite all the mention of it in Heart of Darkness, it is noticeable how Conrad assumes peoples knowledge of colonialism. The resentment of Marlows recollection makes obvious Conrads own strong bias against colonialism, which he does wants to pass on to the reader. Overall, the introduction serves as a good beginning to the book. In the passage, Conrad manages to introduce most of his main themes. There is darkness, which is very large topic, and how it can serve/be viewed in different contexts. We are made aware of Marlow himself and his unreliability/madness (caused due to the voyage ). Also, there is already a brief introduction into his views on colonialism/imperialism too. Due to this, you get an impression of his views early on, and as a result almost get ready to view the rest of the book in the way he may of intended you to. Show preview only The above preview is unformatted text This student written piece of work is one of many that can be found in our GCSE Joseph Conrad section.